高超声速风洞热化学非平衡流场辐射谱的数值计算

以轴对称的热化学非平衡N -S方程为控制方程 ,采用双温度 11组元反应气体模型 ,数值求解高超声速热化学非平衡流场。在此基础上 ,采用“线—线”精细辐射模型计算流场的辐射谱特性 ,在 0 15～ 2 μm区间计算了40 0 0 0个光谱分布点处的辐射发射、吸收系数 ,得到了高焓风洞实验条件下的流场辐射光谱分布及该条件下主要辐射组元NO的辐射光谱分布。计算表明 ,振动温度对辐射有重要影响     

提速列车车厢减小空气阻力风洞实验研究

列车提速使得其空气阻力明显增大。为了减小空气阻力，列车车厢气动外形的研究变得愈加重要。在低速风洞中获得的实验结果表明，对现型列车车厢局部外形稍加改善，就能使得其空气阻力大为降低。这是实现我国列车提速最为有效的途径之一。     

隧道火灾机械通风临界风速研究

由于隧道的半封闭性,空间有限,当长度很长时空气流通不畅,一旦发生火灾,烟气就会迅速填充隧道,而且CO等危险气体也会随烟气向隧道扩散,这对隧道内车辆和人员造成极大的危险。因此,需要保证隧道内空气流通状态的良好以及发生火灾时对烟气的良好控制。模拟了隧道口附近发生一定功率火灾的情况下,控制烟气层流动所需要的临界风速。     

平流层飞艇气动特性相似缩比分析与风洞试验

阐述了平流层飞艇气动特性天地相似缩比分析设计方法,给出了刚体模型与柔性体模型完成风洞试验需满足的相似准则数,并指导完成两类缩比模型研制及风洞试验。通过对两类缩比模型风洞试验数据的分析,发现平流层飞艇不同充气内压下气动特性规律基本一致,但较刚体模型有明显的差异;柔性特征下的气动阻力系数明显高于刚体,在零攻角状态下甚至高出一倍,引发滚转气动力矩特性出现稳定与发散的本质变化。这对平流层飞艇特别是低压保形下的柔性气动特性评估,克服现有采用刚体气动特性数据或工程估算方法进行“动阻平衡”飞艇总体设计存在较大偏差的弊端,具有重要工程应用价值。     

隧道防火涂料的研究进展与发展趋势

对隧道防火涂料的组成、工作原理、生产工艺流程及技术指标等作了简要阐述,并对近年来国内外隧道防火涂料研究中存在的问题及今后的发展方向进行了探讨与展望,认为隧道防火涂料既要满足隧道防火设计的要求,又要具有较高的性价比及环保性。     

Choosing arrival process models for service systems: Tests of a nonhomogeneous Poisson process

Service systems such as call centers and hospital emergency rooms typically have strongly time‐varying arrival rates. Thus, a nonhomogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) is a natural model for the arrival process in a queueing model for performance analysis. Nevertheless, it is important to perform statistical tests with service system data to confirm that an NHPP is actually appropriate, as emphasized by Brown et al. [8]. They suggested a specific statistical test based on the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic after exploiting the conditional‐uniform (CU) property to transform the NHPP into a sequence of i.i.d. random variables uniformly distributed on [0,1] and then performing a logarithmic transformation of the data. We investigate why it is important to perform the final data transformation and consider what form it should take. We conduct extensive simulation experiments to study the power of these alternative statistical tests. We conclude that the general approach of Brown et al. [8] is excellent, but that an alternative data transformation proposed by Lewis [22], drawing upon Durbin [10], produces a test of an NHPP test with consistently greater power. We also conclude that the KS test after the CU transformation, without any additional data transformation, tends to be best to test against alternative hypotheses that primarily differ from an NHPP only through stochastic and time dependence. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 66–90, 2014     

隧道出入口照明智能控制研究

针对隧道出入口段照明能耗大、行车舒适性差的缺点,依据隧道外亮度传感器采集的数据,通过单片机分组控制出入口段照明灯具,满足车辆出入隧道时驾驶员的明适应和暗适应需要。该法不但提高了驾驶舒适性,而且减少了能耗,降低了运营费用。     

水下航行器头部流噪声数值仿真与实验

选取头部线型,对航行器头部基于RNG k-ε湍流模型及FW-H声学模型进行流噪声模拟,然后对3种头部线型的航行器在不同速度下分别进行水洞实验。通过对比分析数值仿真与实验结果发现,航行器头部流噪声随着频率的增大而逐渐减小,随着速度的增大而增大。在相同速度下,与头部线型2、头部线型3相比,头部线型1流噪声较小,具有更好的降噪作用。所采用的计算方法可以比较准确地模拟航行器头部流噪声情况。     

A stochastic model for burn‐in procedures in accelerated environment

Burn‐in procedure is a manufacturing technique that is intended to eliminate early failures of system or product. Burning‐in a component or system means to subject it to a period of use prior to being used in field. Generally, burn‐in is considered expensive and so the length of burn‐in is typically limited. Thus, burn‐in is most often accomplished in an accelerated environment in order to shorten the burn‐in process. A new failure rate model for an accelerated burn‐in procedure, which incorporates the accelerated ageing process induced by the accelerated environmental stress, is proposed. Under a more general assumption on the shape of failure rate function of products, which includes the traditional bathtub‐shaped failure rate function as a special case, upper bounds for optimal burn‐in time will be derived. A numerical example will also be given for illustration. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2006     

Designing a screening experiment for highly reliable products

Within a reasonable life‐testing time, how to improve the reliability of highly reliable products is one of the great challenges to today's manufacturers. By using a resolution III experiment together with degradation test, Tseng, Hamada, and Chiao (1995) presented an interesting case study of improving the reliability of fluorescent lamps. However, in conducting such an experiment, they did not address the problem of how to choose the optimal settings of variables, such as sample size, inspection frequency, and termination time for each run, which are influential to the correct identification of significant factors and the experimental cost. Assuming that the product's degradation paths satisfy Wiener processes, this paper proposes a systematic approach to the aforementioned problem. First, an intuitively appealing identification rule is proposed. Next, under the constraints of a minimum probability of correct decision and a maximum probability of incorrect decision of the proposed identification rule, the optimum test plan (including the determinations of inspection frequency, sample size, and termination time for each run) can be obtained by minimizing the total experimental cost. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed method. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 49: 514–526, 2002; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/nav.10024